Hi,
The function name wp_remote_post() allows me think the function sends some post request to some host. To investigate the problem you need to know where the function wp_remote_post() sends the request to (host) and then emulate the request using "curl" or similar utility, make attempt to connect to the host using "telnet", etc.
Anyway, the problem could be caused by bad DNS resolvers, firewall, error in your script, etc.