Nice to see you find your way to the answer. I exactly had the same problem.
Port 995 and 465 is an old standard (SSL) and Outlook is still forcing it. The new standard (TLS) where every other clients works with is port 587 and 143.
I had 995 and 465 disabled on my server for months without problems using Outlook, but at some point, Outlook decided that it would only work with those SSL ports instead of TLS ports.
But this problem is only there with Android Outlook.
PC outlook should work with 587 and 143, but there is a bug with the new internal "add email account" dialog (probably the same as the Android Outlook problem). So, using the "Mail (Microsoft Outlook)" dialog which is available through Windows Control panel will bring out the old/classic version "add email account" dialog.
By the way. It is NOT recommended to use POP3, because when an email message is downloaded to your Outlook, it will delete the copy that's available on your email server, leaving your mail there with no backup available in case your Outlook client corrupts your mail database on your pc/phone (which happens more than you think on PC Outlook)